Biochemical evaluation of anti-diabetic phytomolecule through bioactivity guided solvent fractionation and subfractionation from hydro- methanolic (2:3) extract of Alligator pear Fruit in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

The study was to evaluate the most effective fraction and subfraction having hypoglycemic activity from the hydro-methanolic (2:3) extract of the fruit of Persea americana Mil. through bioactivity guided investigation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Out of different solvent fractions and subfractions, the effective fraction and subfraction of Persea americana Mill. were subjected to antidiabetic study in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Serum insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, transaminases, carbohydrate metabolic enzymes in liver, kidney, cardiac and skeletal muscle, were also assessed after 8 weeks of treatment and compared to the vehicle control. A significant recovery was noted in the level of serum insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, activities of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes and serum transaminases after n-hexane fraction treatment in respect with other treated groups. Two sub fractions A and B were obtained using petroleum ether sub fractionation of which sub fraction B was more bioactive considering the above biosensors and was comparable with glibenclamide. HPTLC study focused four and two components (P1 and P2) in sub fraction A and B respectively where P1 is major, confirmed by HPLC study. The dose of sub fraction B was 1/4th of the n-hexane fractions dose. It has been concluded that sub fraction B (P1 and P2) which was obtained from nhexane fraction had the antidiabetic activities in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic model.